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Subsections

Speex wideband mode (sub-band CELP)

For wideband, the Speex approach uses a quadrature mirror filter (QMF) to split the band in two. The 16 kHz signal is thus divided into two 8 kHz signals, one representing the low band (0-4 kHz), the other the high band (4-8 kHz). The low band is encoded with the narrowband mode described in section 3 in such a way that the resulting ``embedded narrowband bit-stream'' can also be decoded with the narrowband decoder. Since the low band encoding has already been described only the high band encoding is described in this section.

Linear Prediction

The linear prediction part used for the high-band is very similar to what is done for narrowband. The only difference is that we use only 12 bits to encode the high-band LSP's.

Pitch Prediction

That part is easy: there's no pitch prediction for the high-band. There are two reasons for that. First, there is usually little harmonic structure in this band (above 4 kHz). Second, it would be very hard to implement since the QMF folds the 4-8 kHz band into 4-0 kHz (reversing the frequency axis), which means that the location of the harmonics are no longer at multiples of the fundamental (pitch).

Excitation Quantization

The high-band excitation is coded in the same way as for narrowband.

Bit allocation

For the wideband mode, all the narrowband frame is packed before the high-band is encoded. The narrowband part of the bit-stream is as defined in table 1. The high-band follows, as described in table 3. This also means that a wideband frame may be correctly decoded by a narrowband decoder with the only caveat that if more than one frame is packed in the same packet, the decoder will need to skip the high-band parts in order to sync with the bit-stream.


Table 3: Bit allocation for high-band in wideband mode
Parameter Update rate 0 1 2 3 4
Wideband bit frame 1 1 1 1 1
Mode ID frame 3 3 3 3 3
LSP frame 0 12 12 12 12
Excitation gain sub-frame 0 5 4 4 4
Excitation VQ sub-frame 0 0 20 40 80
Total frame 4 36 112 192 352



next up previous contents
Next: Command-line encoder/decoder Up: The Speex Codec Manual Previous: Speex narrowband mode   Contents
Jean-Marc Valin 2002-08-27